{"id":28745,"date":"2018-03-15T09:00:37","date_gmt":"2018-03-15T14:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/france-amerique.com\/michel-foucault-en-amerique-au-coeur-de-la-vallee-de-la-mort-copy\/"},"modified":"2021-05-28T15:39:58","modified_gmt":"2021-05-28T20:39:58","slug":"le-gwenn-ha-du-cousin-breton-du-stars-and-stripes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/france-amerique.com\/fr\/le-gwenn-ha-du-cousin-breton-du-stars-and-stripes\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Gwenn ha Du, cousin breton du Stars and Stripes"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Les drapeaux fran\u00e7ais et am\u00e9ricains partagent les m\u00eames couleurs mais c\u2019est avec l\u2019\u00e9tendard d\u2019une r\u00e9gion, la Bretagne, que le Stars and Stripes est le plus intimement li\u00e9. Adopt\u00e9e en 1777, la banni\u00e8re am\u00e9ricaine est n\u00e9e lors de la guerre pour l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance des treize colonies am\u00e9ricaines, dont l\u2019union est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e par les treize bandes horizontales, cousues les unes aux autres. Le nombre d\u2019\u00e9toiles a \u00e9volu\u00e9 avec le temps. Depuis le 4 juillet 1960, il comporte 50 \u00e9toiles correspondant aux 50 Etats f\u00e9d\u00e9r\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>

Ce symbole de libert\u00e9 a inspir\u00e9 au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1920 le militant fran\u00e7ais Morvan Marchal, qui dessina le premier Gwenn ha Du breton (\u00ab\u00a0Blanc et Noir\u00a0\u00bb, en fran\u00e7ais). \u00ab\u00a0Ces deux drapeaux incarnent la r\u00e9volte et la souverainet\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb, explique l\u2019historien Jo\u00ebl Cornette, auteur de l’ouvrage Histoire de la Bretagne et des Bretons<\/em><\/span><\/a>. \u00ab\u00a0Les peuples les \u00e9rigeaient en pavillon de reconnaissance.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Gwenn-ha-Du-drapeau-breton-bretagne-brittany-flag-central-park-bzh-new-york\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
L'association BZH New York d\u00e9ploie le Gwenn ha Du \u00e0 Central Park, en 2015. \u00a9 Capucine Bourcard\/BZH NY<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Les bandes du drapeau breton \u00e9voquent les neuf \u00e9v\u00each\u00e9s disparus lors de la R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise : cinq rayures noires pour les provinces de Haute-Bretagne et quatre rayures blanches pour celles de Basse-Bretagne. Quant aux hermines, elles sont noires comme la queue de l\u2019animal. Il s\u2019agit de l\u2019embl\u00e8me des ducs de Bretagne, affirm\u00e9 en rejet de la fleur de lys des rois de France. Le drapeau \u00e0 onze hermines est l\u2019un des plus r\u00e9pandus, bien que le nombre ne soit pas fix\u00e9.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Un drapeau am\u00e9ricain en Bretagne<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Le drapeau breton est d\u00e9sormais visible dans les concerts, festivals et manifestations du monde entier \u2013 le site Breizh Flag Trip Tour<\/span><\/a> r\u00e9pertorie m\u00eame les 168 pays dans lesquels il a flott\u00e9. De leur c\u00f4t\u00e9, 58 % des Am\u00e9ricains affirment exhiber r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement le Stars and Stripes. Les deux \u00e9tendards se voient de loin et sont r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement d\u00e9clin\u00e9s en objets de marketing : T-shirts, posters ou couvre-lits. Mais l\u2019histoire d\u2019amour entre le drapeau am\u00e9ricain et la Bretagne est pourtant plus ancienne que le Gwenn ha Du lui-m\u00eame.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Edward Moran, Premi\u00e8re reconnaissance officielle du pavillon par un \u00e9tranger<\/I>, 1898. \u00a9 U.S. Naval Academy Museum\/National Archives<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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C\u2019est dans la baie de Quiberon, dans le Morbihan, que le Stars and Stripes a \u00e9t\u00e9 officiellement reconnu pour la premi\u00e8re fois. Ce \u00ab\u00a0bapt\u00eame breton\u00a0\u00bb eut lieu le 14 f\u00e9vrier 1778. Le premier lieutenant John Paul Jones, figure de l\u2019U.S. Navy, partait de Nantes \u00e0 l\u2019annonce de la signature d\u2019un trait\u00e9 d\u2019alliance entre les Etats-Unis et la France. Il devait r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer en chemin des bateaux fran\u00e7ais \u00e0 Quiberon.<\/span><\/p>

Arrivant en vue des navires du comte de la Motte-Picquet, qui mouillaient dans la baie, il tire treize coups de canon en hommage \u00e0 la flotte royale fran\u00e7aise. Les marins au pavillon tricolore r\u00e9pondent par une salve d\u2019honneur de neuf coups r\u00e9glementaires pour saluer une r\u00e9publique ind\u00e9pendante. C\u2019est la premi\u00e8re fois que le drapeau am\u00e9ricain est reconnu par une autre puissance, quelques 150 ans avant l\u2019invention de son \u00ab\u00a0n\u00e9gatif\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0breton qui, de son c\u00f4t\u00e9, n\u2019a jamais obtenu de statut officiel.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lors de la parade de la Saint-Patrick, qui remonte chaque 17 mars la Cinqui\u00e8me Avenue de Manhattan, il n\u2019est pas rare que les Bretons sortent leur drapeau noir et blanc. Une banni\u00e8re qui rappelle celle des Etats-Unis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":28747,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28745","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe Gwenn ha Du, cousin breton du Stars and Stripes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le drapeau noir et blanc de la Bretagne, le Gwenn ha Du, rappelle celui des Etats-Unis, le Stars and Stripes.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/france-amerique.com\/fr\/le-gwenn-ha-du-cousin-breton-du-stars-and-stripes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" 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