{"id":41252,"date":"2023-04-21T10:05:13","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T15:05:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/france-amerique.com\/cinq-entrepreneurs-francais-au-chevet-de-la-planete-copy\/"},"modified":"2023-04-21T10:16:21","modified_gmt":"2023-04-21T15:16:21","slug":"eco-par-ci-eco-par-la","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/france-amerique.com\/fr\/eco-par-ci-eco-par-la\/","title":{"rendered":"Eco par-ci, e\u0301co par-la\u0300"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"41252\" class=\"elementor elementor-41252\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ae41879 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ae41879\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-81ae4af\" data-id=\"81ae4af\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30789c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"30789c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>N\u2019en de\u0301plaise aux climato-sceptiques, les effets du re\u0301chauffement de notre plane\u0300te sont de plus en plus manifestes. Chaque anne\u0301e apporte son lot de catastrophes naturelles dont l\u2019ampleur est a\u0300 l\u2019e\u0301vidence imputable aux activite\u0301s humaines. Pour de\u0301signer les inquie\u0301tudes que ces phe\u0301nome\u0300nes suscitent, on parle aujourd\u2019hui d\u2019e\u0301coanxie\u0301te\u0301.<\/p><p>Estimant qu\u2019il n\u2019y a pas de meilleur reme\u0300de a\u0300 l\u2019anxie\u0301te\u0301 que l\u2019action, les e\u0301coactivistes se mettent re\u0301gulie\u0300rement en vedette. L\u2019une de leurs de\u0301marches favorites e\u0301tant le barbouillage \u2013 symbolique, fort heureusement \u2013 d\u2019\u0153uvres d\u2019art remarquables. Dans ce petit jeu destine\u0301 a\u0300 attirer l\u2019attention des me\u0301dias, les militants anglais se montrent particulie\u0300rement imaginatifs. A la fin de 2022, des tableaux de Constable et de Van Gogh ont ainsi fait les frais de leurs \u00ab performances \u00bb.<\/p><p>Il n\u2019e\u0301chappe a\u0300 personne que les mots forme\u0301s a\u0300 partir du pre\u0301fixe \u00ab e\u0301co \u00bb, du grec <em>oikos<\/em>, \u00ab maison \u00bb ou \u00ab habitat \u00bb, sur lequel a e\u0301te\u0301 construit aussi e\u0301conomie (\u00ab administration du foyer \u00bb, au de\u0301part, en grec), fleurissent dans le langage quotidien. Nombreuses sont les publicite\u0301s ou les messages gouvernementaux vantant l\u2019e\u0301cocitoyennete\u0301, les e\u0301coproduits et les e\u0301cogestes tels que la baisse du chauffage dans les logements et l\u2019extinction de l\u2019e\u0301clairage public la nuit. On encourage aussi l\u2019e\u0301coconduite, e\u0301conome en carburant. Par quel miracle ? En faisant tourner le moteur a\u0300 bas re\u0301gime, en maintenant une vitesse stable, c\u2019est-a\u0300-dire en e\u0301vitant les acce\u0301le\u0301rations et les freinages intempestifs. Sans oublier de couper le contact a\u0300 l\u2019arre\u0302t.<\/p><p>Un coup d\u2019\u0153il dans <em>Le Petit Robert<\/em> est instructif. Parmi les entre\u0301es ou les mots cite\u0301s, on rele\u0300ve e\u0301comate\u0301riau, e\u0301coparticipation, e\u0301cocertification, e\u0301copa\u0302turage, e\u0301coquartier, e\u0301copastille, e\u0301cotaxe et e\u0301cotoxique. On peut y ajouter e\u0301co-industrie, e\u0301co-urbanisme, e\u0301coconstruction et e\u0301cotourisme, appele\u0301 aussi tourisme vert, centre\u0301 sur la de\u0301couverte de la nature et des agrosyste\u0300mes. Son pendant en matie\u0300re d\u2019(e\u0301co)he\u0301bergement connai\u0302t de nombreuses variantes : e\u0301coho\u0302tel, e\u0301coauberge, e\u0301cogi\u0302te, e\u0301colodge, e\u0301cocamping, e\u0301covillage. Les uns et les autres e\u0301tant certifie\u0301s par des e\u0301colabels.<\/p><p><em>Eco-house<\/em>, <em>eco-habitat<\/em>, <em>eco-farm<\/em>&#8230; Les anglophones ont des mots-valises e\u0301quivalents. Comme dans tant d\u2019autres secteurs de la vie e\u0301conomique et sociale, l\u2019irruption des anglicismes dans le franc\u0327ais est ine\u0301vitable. Ainsi parle-t-on souvent d\u2019un produit <em>eco-friendly<\/em> alors me\u0302me que les adjectifs e\u0301cocompatible ou e\u0301coresponsable conviendraient tout aussi bien.<\/p><p>Autre terme de plus en plus fre\u0301quemment lu ou entendu, celui d\u2019e\u0301cocide, ba\u0302ti sur le mode\u0300le de ge\u0301nocide et d\u2019ethnocide. L\u2019ide\u0301e de charger la Cour pe\u0301nale internationale de juger des atteintes graves et durables a\u0300 l\u2019environnement semble me\u0302me faire son chemin. Si l\u2019on creuse un peu, cette \u00ab e\u0301comania \u00bb vient de loin. Il y a belle lurette, depuis le milieu du XX<sup>e<\/sup> sie\u0300cle, que l\u2019on parle d\u2019e\u0301cosyste\u0300me. Emprunte\u0301 au secteur des sciences de la vie, ou\u0300 il de\u0301signe une unite\u0301 de base forme\u0301e par le milieu (le de\u0301sert, la mangrove, une fore\u0302t, un lac&#8230;), ce terme a gagne\u0301 d\u2019autres domaines, notamment celui des informaticiens qui l\u2019utilisent pour de\u0301crire un ensemble d\u2019appareils et de logiciels comple\u0301mentaires.<\/p><p>Dans les anne\u0301es 1970, on parlait aussi de\u0301ja\u0300 d\u2019e\u0301code\u0301veloppement. Forge\u0301 par l\u2019e\u0301conomiste Ignacy Sachs, ne\u0301 en Pologne en 1927, ce concept consiste a\u0300 chercher les voies d\u2019une \u00ab croissance e\u0301conomique a\u0300 la fois respectueuse de l\u2019environnement et socialement inclusive \u00bb. Pour Sachs, pre\u0301curseur des combats e\u0301cologiques actuels, le de\u0301veloppement durable et l\u2019e\u0301quite\u0301 sociale vont ne\u0301cessairement de pair.<\/p><p>Attention, cependant, a\u0300 ne pas voir de l\u2019environnement partout. Les licences d\u2019e\u0301co-gestion de\u0301livre\u0301es par les universite\u0301s franc\u0327aises n\u2019ont pas grand chose a\u0300 voir avec l\u2019e\u0301cologie, mais beaucoup avec l\u2019e\u0301conomie, offrant des de\u0301bouche\u0301s vers la banque, la finance, le marketing ou encore l\u2019informatique.<\/p><p>Utilise\u0301 aussi bien comme adjectif que substantif, le mot \u00ab e\u0301colo \u00bb, familier voire pe\u0301joratif il y a peu encore, s\u2019est banalise\u0301. Encore les e\u0301cologistes <em>stricto sensu<\/em> ne sont-ils plus les seuls dans le champ politique. Les e\u0301cosocialistes tentent de leur damer le pion. Un autre courant, l\u2019e\u0301cofe\u0301minisme, ne cesse de marquer des points a\u0300 la gauche de la gauche.<\/p><p>Ce n\u2019est pas tout. L\u2019e\u0301cofascisme, me\u0302me si les tenants de ce courant de pense\u0301e re\u0301cusent cette appellation, se fait entendre de l\u2019autre co\u0302te\u0301 de l\u2019e\u0301chiquier politique. Pro\u0302nant l\u2019ave\u0300nement d\u2019un re\u0301gime totalitaire seul susceptible, selon elle, de prote\u0301ger l\u2019environnement, une partie de l\u2019extre\u0302me droite envisage rien de moins que l\u2019abandon des technologies modernes ainsi qu\u2019une re\u0301duction drastique de la population humaine \u2013 telle que l\u2019imaginait de\u0301ja\u0300 l\u2019e\u0301conomiste anglais Thomas Malthus au de\u0301but du XIX<sup>e<\/sup> sie\u0300cle. Un programme qui fait froid dans le dos.<\/p><p>Le vert, de\u0301cide\u0301ment, en voit de toutes les couleurs !<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8dddfbc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8dddfbc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-460b905\" data-id=\"460b905\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fcdf3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2fcdf3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><br \/>Article publi\u00e9 dans le num\u00e9ro d&rsquo;avril 2023 de <em>France-Am\u00e9rique<\/em>. <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/france-amerique.com\/subscribe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">S\u2019abonner au magazine<\/span><\/a><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La protection de l\u2019environnement et la lutte contre le re\u0301chauffement climatique sont devenues, a\u0300 juste titre, des obsessions. Tout nous rame\u0300ne a\u0300 l\u2019e\u0301cologie. Au point que, d\u2019e\u0301cocide a\u0300 e\u0301coactivisme en passant par e\u0301cotourisme et e\u0301cofe\u0301minisme, on ne compte plus les mots forme\u0301s a\u0300 partir du pre\u0301fixe \u00ab e\u0301co \u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":41253,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41252","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-language"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Eco par-ci, e\u0301co par-la\u0300<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"D\u2019e\u0301cologie a\u0300 e\u0301coactivisme en passant par e\u0301cotourisme, on ne compte plus les mots forme\u0301s a\u0300 partir du pre\u0301fixe \u00ab e\u0301co \u00bb.\" 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