{"id":42845,"date":"2023-10-10T16:38:39","date_gmt":"2023-10-10T21:38:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/france-amerique.com\/le-jeune-homme-un-livre-peut-en-cacher-un-autre-copy\/"},"modified":"2023-10-10T16:57:18","modified_gmt":"2023-10-10T21:57:18","slug":"mohamed-mbougar-sarr-en-memoire-de-yambo-ouologuem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/france-amerique.com\/fr\/mohamed-mbougar-sarr-en-memoire-de-yambo-ouologuem\/","title":{"rendered":"Mohamed Mbougar Sarr : en me\u0301moire de Yambo Ouologuem"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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En 1968, Roger Grenier, membre du jury du prix Renaudot, annonce l\u2019identite\u0301 du laure\u0301at : Yambo Ouologuem, jeune e\u0301crivain malien de 28 ans, professeur de lyce\u0301e en France. Son premier roman, Le devoir de violence<\/em>, retrace sur huit sie\u0300cles le destin d\u2019un empire imaginaire et le re\u0300gne d\u2019une dynastie fictive, les Sai\u0308f. Cette fresque foisonnante, traverse\u0301e par la violence et l\u2019e\u0301rotisme, est aussi impitoyable pour les Africains que pour les colons blancs. Unanimement salue\u0301 pour la qualite\u0301 de son e\u0301criture, le livre vaut a\u0300 son auteur une avalanche de critiques, au Nord comme au Sud. Le\u0301opold Se\u0301dar Senghor, poe\u0300te et pe\u0300re de la ne\u0301gritude, alors pre\u0301sident du Se\u0301ne\u0301gal, parle d\u2019un \u00ab livre affligeant \u00bb, reprochant a\u0300 Yambo Ouologuem de \u00ab nie[r] ses ance\u0302tres \u00bb. Il faut dire que l\u2019e\u0301crivain fustige toutes les formes du colonialisme, mettant au jour les origines africaines de l\u2019esclavagisme puis le ro\u0302le des notables locaux aux co\u0302te\u0301s des colons europe\u0301ens.<\/p>

Mais c\u2019est pour des motifs strictement litte\u0301raires qu\u2019e\u0301clate le scandale : dans un article publie\u0301 en 1971, un chercheur ame\u0301ricain reproche a\u0300 Yambo Ouologuem d\u2019avoir plagie\u0301 Graham Greene et Andre\u0301 Schwarz-Bart<\/span><\/a><\/span>. \u00ab Aux Etats-Unis, l\u2019e\u0301diteur ame\u0301ricain du Devoir de violence<\/em> pilonne son stock \u00bb, rappelle la pre\u0301face a\u0300 la nouvelle e\u0301dition franc\u0327aise<\/span><\/a><\/span> (2018). \u00ab Le scandale arrive en France ou\u0300 parfois, les me\u0302mes critiques qui ont encense\u0301 l\u2019auteur malien s\u2019acharnent de\u0301sormais contre lui. Le Seuil finit par cesser la diffusion du roman. \u00bb Apre\u0300s quelques tentatives de poursuivre son \u0153uvre, dont Lettre a\u0300 la France ne\u0300gre<\/em> (1969), Yambo Ouologuem se retire du monde des lettres et tombe dans l\u2019oubli. Il meurt en 2017 a\u0300 Se\u0301vare\u0301, en pays dogon.<\/p>

Il faudra attendre 2021 et la parution en France de La plus secre\u0300te me\u0301moire des hommes<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/span>, re\u0301compense\u0301 par le prix Goncourt, pour que la figure de Yambo Ouologuem revienne en pleine lumie\u0300re. De\u0301diant son roman a\u0300 l\u2019e\u0301crivain malien, le Se\u0301ne\u0301galais Mohamed Mbougar Sarr ba\u0302tit une brillante fiction autour d\u2019un personnage nomme\u0301 T.C. Elimane, auteur en 1938 d\u2019un unique livre intitule\u0301 Le labyrinthe de l\u2019inhumain<\/em>. Le personnage principal, lui-me\u0302me jeune e\u0301crivain, tente de retracer l\u2019histoire de ce fanto\u0302me qui ne cesse de le fasciner. Entre Paris et Dakar, en passant par Amsterdam et l\u2019Argentine, le narrateur recompose le puzzle a\u0300 partir de te\u0301moignages de celles et ceux qui ont connu Elimane : sa cousine, Siga D., surnomme\u0301e \u00ab l\u2019Araigne\u0301e-me\u0300re \u00bb, la journaliste et critique Brigitte Bolle\u0300me, ou encore The\u0301re\u0300se Jacob, e\u0301ditrice avec son mari du Labyrinthe de l\u2019inhumain<\/em>.<\/p>

S\u2019inspirant pour le titre d\u2019une phrase du Chilien Roberto Bolan\u0303o, Mohamed Mbougar Sarr compose un de\u0301dale de personnages et de filiations ou\u0300 s\u2019entreme\u0302lent des re\u0301flexions sur les relations entre l\u2019Afrique et l\u2019Occident, sur la difficulte\u0301 pour un e\u0301crivain africain a\u0300 sortir du ghetto ou\u0300 on veut le cantonner de part et d\u2019autre, sur la frontie\u0300re entre la litte\u0301rature et la vie. Parce que silencieux, T.C. Elimane est une surface de projection ou\u0300 viennent s\u2019agre\u0301ger les de\u0301sirs et les fantasmes, les questions qui doivent rester sans re\u0301ponse pour que la cre\u0301ation reste intacte. S\u2019approchant du mythe sans e\u0301puiser les myste\u0300res de l\u2019\u0153uvre, Mohamed Mbougar Sarr rend a\u0300 Yambo Ouologuem le plus beau des hommages.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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La plus secre\u0300te me\u0301moire des hommes <\/em>de Mohamed Mbougar Sarr, Editions Philippe Rey<\/span><\/a><\/span>, 2021. 448 pages, 22 euros.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Le devoir de violence<\/em> de Yambo Ouologuem, Seuil<\/span><\/a><\/span>, 2018. 304 pages, 19 euros.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Article publi\u00e9 dans le num\u00e9ro d’octobre 2023 de France-Am\u00e9rique<\/em>. S\u2019abonner au magazine<\/a><\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pour e\u0301crire La plus secre\u0300te me\u0301moire des hommes<\/I>, prix Goncourt en 2021, Mohamed Mbougar Sarr s\u2019est inspire\u0301 de l\u2019histoire de l\u2019e\u0301crivain malien, auteur du Devoir de violence<\/I> et mort dans l\u2019oubli en 2017. Les deux romans viennent de parai\u0302tre simultane\u0301ment aux Etats-Unis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":42847,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42845","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nMohamed Mbougar Sarr : en me\u0301moire de Yambo Ouologuem<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pour e\u0301crire La plus secre\u0300te me\u0301moire des hommes, Mohamed Mbougar Sarr s\u2019est inspire\u0301 de l\u2019histoire de l\u2019e\u0301crivain malien Yambo Ouologuem.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/france-amerique.com\/fr\/mohamed-mbougar-sarr-en-memoire-de-yambo-ouologuem\/\" 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